Forced marriage remains a significant concern for many British Pakistanis, particularly when family trips to Pakistan unexpectedly lead to coercion. People, particularly young women, can become trapped in unwelcome engagements as a result of cultural pressures, emotional manipulation, or even confiscated documents. Understanding your legal rights under UK and Pakistani laws, alongside accessing dedicated support services, is vital for breaking free from such situations. Knowledge of how to defend oneself or a loved one from this violation of personal freedom is the first step toward empowerment.
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What Is Forced Marriage?
It’s important to understand the difference between a forced marriage and an arranged one. In an arranged marriage, both parties consent to the union freely, typically after being introduced by family. In contrast, a forced marriage happens when one or both parties are pressured, manipulated, or threatened into marrying without their full consent.
Forced marriage violates human rights and both the UK and Pakistan criminalize it. Unfortunately, many British Pakistanis become victims when their families take them to Pakistan under false pretenses—often telling them they are attending a wedding or visiting family—only to force them into a nikah ceremony without their approval.
UK Laws on Forced Marriage
The United Kingdom strongly opposes forced marriage. It is illegal under UK law and considered a form of abuse. Several protections are available, including:
- Forced Marriage Protection Orders (FMPOs): These court orders can prevent people from taking individuals abroad for marriage and can restrict those planning it from making contact.
- Criminal Offence: Since 2014, forcing someone to marry is a criminal offence in the UK, punishable by up to 7 years in prison.
- Support Services: The UK Forced Marriage Unit provides emergency help, travel assistance, and repatriation for those taken abroad against their will.
However, once the individual is in Pakistan, UK legal protections are limited. That’s where Pakistani legal action becomes necessary.
Pakistan’s laws on forced marriage
Many victims believe they lose all options once the marriage takes place in Pakistan, but that is not true. Pakistani law offers several protections, especially for women and minors.
The Pakistani Penal Code’s Section 498-B
This section criminalizes forced marriages, especially those used to resolve disputes or as tribal customs like swara or vani. The culprits could be punished with jail time and fines.
Child marriage restrain act
If someone is under 16, the law automatically considers the marriage invalid under this act. It’s a powerful legal route in cases involving minors.
Legal Annulment and Khula
If the marriage took place without a valid consent, forced marriage victims in Pakistan can seek an annulment. Women can also pursue Khula, an Islamic form of divorce that does not require the husband’s consent, especially in situations involving abuse or coercion.
Real-Life Scenario: When a Holiday Becomes a Trap
Consider the case of a 20-year-old British Pakistani girl visiting relatives in Multan. Her family tells her it’s just a holiday, but soon after she arrives, they insist she marry a cousin she barely knows. They take away her passport and cut her off from the outside world.
This is not an isolated case. Many British Pakistanis, particularly young women, experience the same emotional and psychological manipulation. In a foreign setting, the lack of support and the fear of disappointing their families can make them feel helpless.
Steps to Take If You or Someone You Know Is at Risk
If you believe you or a loved one is being threatened with forced marriage, acting quickly is critical. Here’s what you can do:
Contact the UK Forced Marriage Unit
If you’re still in the UK or have access to communication while in Pakistan, reach out to the Forced Marriage Unit. They offer confidential advice and can intervene if necessary.
Consult a Pakistani family lawyer for advice.
A trusted family lawyer in Pakistan who understands both local laws and the cultural complexities involved can make a big difference. They can approach the courts, file for an annulment, and assist in the recovery of significant documents like identity cards or passports. You are not alone in this struggle; WooqLaw.com helps British Pakistanis connect with Pakistani lawyers with expertise in forced marriage cases.
Maintain a Record Try to gather evidence.
This could include messages, letters, or conversations that show pressure or threats. In court, even the tiniest of details can make a big difference.
Let Someone Trusted Know
Always keep a close friend, relative, or teacher in the loop. Tell them where you are, what’s happening, and how to reach you. Find a means of informing someone you trust, even if communication is limited. After the Marriage: Your Legal Rights Remain
If the marriage has already taken place, all hope is not lost. You still have several options in Pakistan’s legal system:
- Annulment: The marriage can be declared invalid if it took place without your consent.
- In Khula: women can invoke coercion or emotional harm to request a unilateral divorce.
- Criminal Charges: Under Section 498-B, police complaints can be filed against those who arranged or participated in the forced marriage.
- Family Court Support: Judges in family courts often side with victims when clear evidence of coercion is presented.
You need a lawyer who is familiar with the legal process as well as the emotional toll that this experience can have in situations like these.
Emotional and Psychological Impact of Forced Marriage
A forced marriage’s trauma can last a lifetime. Numerous victims experience:
- Depression and anxiety
- Post-traumatic stress
- Isolation from support systems
- Interrupted education or career plans
Seeking therapy or speaking with someone trusted can help start the healing process. No one should have to face this experience alone.
Consent Cannot Be Ignored When Respecting Culture
It’s crucial to acknowledge the role of culture and tradition in many Pakistani families. However, tradition should never come at the cost of someone’s freedom and basic human rights.
Marriage without full, informed consent is not just morally wrong—it is illegal. Islam emphasizes marriage happiness and mutual consent. Using religion or culture to justify forced marriage is a distortion of both.
Take a moment to ponder if you are a parent reading this. Your child’s trust, safety, and future matter more than any social pressure or outdated tradition.
How WooqLaw Supports British Pakistanis
When you’re dealing with cases involving forced marriage, it can be overwhelming, especially when you have to deal with two different legal systems. WooqLaw’s mission is to make it simpler for British Pakistanis to obtain legal assistance in Pakistan. We provide:
- Access to experienced Pakistani lawyers who specialize in family and human rights law
- Handling of confidential cases
- Assistance with Khula, FIRs, and annulment, as well as representation in court
- Compassionate support tailored for UK citizens with ties to Pakistan
Our objective is to provide victims with the legal tools and emotional support they require to move forward and empower them.
You Deserve Safety and Freedom
Human rights are seriously violated by forced marriage. Whether you are at risk or already married, there are laws in both the UK and Pakistan that can protect you. More importantly, there are people ready to support you through it.
- You won’t be alone. Your voice matters. And you deserve to make choices about your own life.
Frequently asked questions (FAQS)
In Pakistan, is forced marriage against the law?
Yes. Forcing a person into marriage is a criminal offense under Pakistan’s Penal Code, Section 498-B.
Is it possible to annul a forced marriage in Pakistan?
yes. If someone marries you without your consent, you can file for annulment or Khula
What if I’m a British citizen stuck in Pakistan?
Consult a Pakistani attorney in addition to contacting the UK Forced Marriage Unit. Quick legal steps can be taken to protect you and bring you home.
Is Khula available if the marriage was forced?
Yes. Khula is often the fastest and most effective way to end a forced marriage, especially when supported by legal evidence.
For UK citizens, what role can a Pakistani lawyer play?
They can file urgent petitions, secure your freedom, annul the marriage, and ensure your safety through legal channels.